Chapter 18 verse 19
“Knowledge, action, and the doer are declared to be of three kinds in the Sānkhya philosophy, distinguished according to the three modes of material nature. Listen, and I will explain their distinctions to you.”
All
the three factors which induce action is also of three modes of material
nature. These three modes would distinguish all actions done by human beings. Sānkhya
philosophy is one of the six core philosophies in sanatana dharma and covers
the distinction between the immutable soul-purusha and material world-prakriti.
It was postulated by Sage Kapila, an incarnation of Bhagwan Vishnu per Srimad
Bhagavatam. Bhagwan Sri Krishna oftens refers to Sānkhya as basis of knowledge
of the soul and the material world. Sānkhya, however doesn’t recognize the
supreme soul or Paramatma-the philosophy is also called Nir-Iswara Sānkhya. The
other 5 philosophies are Vaisesika, Nyaya, Sa-Isvara Sānkhya, Purva mimamsa,
Uttara mimamsa (otherwise called Vedanta!). We will now explore the three modes
of knowledge, action and doer in the next verses.
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